One of the basics of photography is the need for light. Of course, you can use the sun as a light source. If this does not shine or you are in another dark place, you can resort to artificial light. Besides normal lamps, there is also flash light. After the camera opens its shutter and the light-sensitive film is exposed, the flash fires. In a fraction of a second, the surroundings are illuminated, allowing you to capture the scene.
Here is an overview of cameras with a built-in flash.