Dhe Soviet Union had a significant manufacturing industry and produced a wide range of goods, including film cameras. In the early 20th century, there were a number of camera manufacturers and factories in the Soviet Union, including KMZ (Krasnogorsky Mekhanichesky Zavod), founded in what is now Russia.
KMZ is known for manufacturing a wide range of cameras and lenses, including the Zenit line of SLR cameras, which was very popular with photographers in the Soviet Union and other communist countries. The company also made a number of other cameras, including the Zorki rangefinder camera, which was based on the Leica 35mm camera.
In addition to KMZ, there were a number of other camera manufacturers and factories in the Soviet Union, including LOMO, which is now well known for producing the Lomo LC-A, and GOMZ (Gosudarstvenny Optiko-Mekhanichesky Zavod), the one manufactured a wide range of cameras and lenses.
Today the production plants can be found on the territory of Russia, Ukraine and Belarus.
Cameras made in the Soviet Union
Cambron EM
The Cambron EM is a 35mm camera with an M42 connection from Cambridge Camera.
Cosmorex SE
The Cosmorex SE is an SLR camera built by KMZ in the Soviet Union.
Diramic R-1
The Diramic R-1 is a 35mm camera from the Diramic brand produced by KMZ.
Diramic R-2
The Diramic R-2 is a Soviet-made SLR camera for M42 lenses.
Diramic RF100
The Diramic RF100 is a camera from Diramic, produced by KMZ in the 1980s.
Fed 5B
A 35 mm camera with rangefinder from the company FED.
Horizon 202
The Horizon 202 is a panoramic camera from Russia.
Horizont
The Horizont is a panorama camera from Soviet production for the 35 mm format.
Horizont Revue
The Horizont Revue is a panorama camera from Soviet production distributed by Foto Quelle.
Kalimar SR200
The Kalimar SR200 is a Soviet-made 35mm SLR camera for the M42 thread.
Kalimar SR300
The Kalimar SR300 is a Soviet-made SLR camera for the 35mm format.
Kalimar Wide-X
The Kalimar Wide-X is a Soviet-made panoramic camera that was sold in America.
Kiev 60
The Kiev 60 is a single lens reflex camera by the camera company Arsenal. The camera started production in 1984 and produced a lot of copies.
Kiev 6C
The Kiev 6C is a medium format camera was built by Arsenal. The design was inspired by the East German Pentacon Six.
Lubitel 166
The Lubitel 166 is a Twin Lens Reflex camera for medium format film and the successor of the Lubitel 2.
Lubitel 166B
The Lubitel 166B is a medium format camera from Lomo.
Lubitel 2
The Lubitel 2 is a Twin Lens Reflex camera for medium format film built in the Soviet Union. The camera is the predecessor of the
Phokina RX2
The Phokina RX2 is a 35mm format SLR camera built by KMZ in the Soviet Union.
Prinzflex 500E
The Prinzflex 500E is a Soviet-made SLR camera.
Revue 6x6
The Revue 6x6 is a camera from Revue. It was produced by Arsenal in Ukraine and is based on the Salyut. The Salyut is one of the predecessors of the Kiev 80.
Revueflex E
The Revueflex E is a single lens reflex camera. It was built by Zenit and introduced in the 1960s.
Revueflex EM
A version of the Zenit EM from the German company Foto Quelle.
Salyut
The Salyut is a Soviet medium format camera and one of the predecessors of the Kiev 80.
Salyut-C
The Salyut-C is a single reflex camera for medium format film. It was produced from 1972 to 1980 and is the predecessor of the Kiev 88.
Smena 8M
The Smena 8M is a fully manual 35mm camera from Lomo.
Smena SL
The Smena SL is a viewfinder camera from the Soviet Union.
Smena Symbol
The Smena Symbol is a 35mm camera and was built by Lomo millions of times.
Smena-18
A mysterious version of the Lomo LC-A from the USSR.
Smena-8
A 35mm camera from the USSR from various manufacturers.
Smena-9
The Smena-9 is a viewfinder camera made by GOMZ.
Smena-M
The Smena-M is an old 35mm camera from the former USSR.
Sokol-2
The Sokol-2 is a 35mm camera with a rangefinder and was built by the Russian company Lomo from 1977 to 1987.
Voskhod
A 35mm camera from the 60s by Lomo.
Zenit 1
The first 35mm SLR from Zenit.
Zenit 11
A black SLR from the USSR for 35mm film.
Zenit 12
The family of Zenit 12 cameras for 35mm film.
Zenit 18
The successor of the Zenit 19 SLR camera.
Zenit 19
An SLR from the production of KMZ.
Zenit 3
A 35mm camera from KMZ from the late 1950's.
Zenit 3M
A 1960s 35mm SLR from KMZ.
Zenit Automat
An SLR from KMZ with Pentax K mount.
Zenit EM
The successor to the Zenit E.
Zenit ET
An old 35mm SLR from the USSR with a M42 lens thread.
Zenit Junior
The Zenit Junior is an international version of the Zorki 10 by KMZ.
Zenit Photosniper
A Russian camera for shooting photos.
Zenit TTL
A KMZ single-lens reflex camera made in millions.
Zenit-S
An SLR from the 50s and 60s from the USSR.
Zenith 80
The Zenith 80 is an export version of the Salyut. The camera was built in the USSR and sold in the Western World.
Zorki 1
The Zorki 1 / Zorki was KMZ's first rangefinder camera.
Zorki 11
The Zorki 11 is a camera built by KMZ. It is similar to the Zorki 10 but lacks the coupled rangefinder.
Zorki 2
The successor to the Zorki 1 by KMZ.
Zorki 3
A 35mm camera from the Soviet Union from the 1950s.
Zorki 4
The Zorki 4 is the most popular camera in the Zorki series.
Zorki 5
A rangefinder camera from KMZ.
Zorki 6
A KMZ 35mm camera with rangefinder from the late 1950s.
Zorki C
The further development of the Zorki 1.